Second-order conditioning: Different outcomes in fear and eyelid conditioning
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Second-order conditioning in Drosophila.
Associative conditioning in Drosophila melanogaster has been well documented for several decades. However, most studies report only simple associations of conditioned stimuli (CS, e.g., odor) with unconditioned stimuli (US, e.g., electric shock) to measure learning or establish memory. Here we describe a straightforward second-order conditioning (SOC) protocol that further demonstrates the flex...
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This article provides the Wrst demonstration of a reliable second-order conditioning (SOC) eVect in human causal learning tasks. It demonstrates the human ability to infer relationships between a cause and an eVect that were never paired together during training. Experiments 1a and 1b showed a clear and reliable SOC eVect, while Experiments 2a and 2b demonstrated that Wrst-order extinction did ...
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In separate groups of rats forward and backward procedures for classical defensive conditioning were superimposed on on-going bar pressing for food. The forward conditioned stimulus elicited suppression of bar presses, indicating acquisition of fear. The backward stimulus paired with identical shock elicited behaviour typical for rats in a condition of safety and caused an increase of bar press...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Animal Learning & Behavior
سال: 1979
ISSN: 0090-4996,1532-5830
DOI: 10.3758/bf03209684